What You Should Know About Gender Dysphoria

The term gender dysphoria describes a strong feeling that one’s actual gender is different from the biological sex assigned to them at birth. Gender dysphoric persons born with male genitalia and physical characteristics may strongly feel they are actually females, while those born with female genitalia and physical characteristics may strongly feel they are actually males. Dysphoria is defined as a profound state of unease or dissatisfaction. Key Takeaways: Gender Dysphoria Gender dysphoria is a strong feeling that one’s actual gender is different from the biological sex assigned at birth.Children, adolescents, and adults may experience gender dysphoria.Gender dysphoria is not a mental illness.Gender dysphoria has no bearing on a person’s sexual preference.  Gender dysphoria was called â€Å"gender identity disorder† until 2013.Due to their differences from â€Å"gender norms, dysphoric people face significant challenges to gaining equality and social acceptance.Today, there is evidence that society is becoming more accepting of gender dysphoric people.   Gender dysphoria was formerly called â€Å"gender identity disorder.† However, this suggested that gender confusion was a mental illness, which it is not. In 2013, the â€Å"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders† of the American Psychiatric Association (APA), acknowledged that gender confusion becomes a medical condition only if actually affects one’s health or well-being and renamed it gender dysphoria. It is important to understand that while gender dysphoria is a recognized medical condition, it is not a mental illness.   Examples of Gender Dysphoria Children, adolescents, and adults may experience gender dysphoria. For example, young biologic girls may prefer to wear boys’ clothing, participate in boys’ activities, and express their desire to grow up and live as men. Similarly, young biological boys may say they wish they were girls or state that they will grow up to be women. Gender dysphoric adults, feeling uncomfortable being treated by others according to the gender assigned to them by society, may adopt the behavior, clothing, and mannerisms of the gender with which they most closely identify. The Language of Gender Identity Understanding the true meaning and range of the gender dysphoria spectrum requires an understanding of some often-confused terms. For example, while they are often used interchangeably, â€Å"sex† and â€Å"gender† are not the same. According to current (2013) APA guidelines, the following definitions apply: â€Å"Sex† refers to the biological differences between males and females based strictly on internal and external sex organs and chromosomes present at birth.â€Å"Gender† refers to a person’s internal feelings of being male, female, a blend of both, or neither, according to generally accepted cultural or societal perceptions of masculinity or femininity. These personal feelings of masculinity or femininity make up one’s â€Å"gender identity.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Transgender† refers to persons whose sense of gender identity does not match their sex assigned at birth. For example, someone whose biological sex is male (has a penis) but who feels like a woman is a transgender. Transgender people often have a feeling that they were â€Å"born in the wrong body.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Transsexual† refers to gender dysphoric persons whose feelings of opposite-gender identity are so powerful that they take steps to assume the characteristics and gender-based roles o f persons of the opposite sex. Transsexual persons may seek medical assistance—such as hormone replacement therapy or gender- reassignment surgery—to effectively change their physical appearance or gender.â€Å"Gender Queer† refers to individuals whose gender identity and sometimes sexual orientation shift throughout their lifetimes.â€Å"Gender Fluid† applies to persons who embrace different gender identities at different times.â€Å"A-gendered† literally means â€Å"without gender,† and applies to people who identify as being of no gender at all.â€Å"Cis-gender† describes persons whose gender identity or sexual expression aligns with the sex assigned to them at birth. Gender Dysphoria and Sexuality Many people incorrectly associate gender dysphoria with same sex attraction, assuming that all transgender persons are gay. This is a dangerous and potentially harmful misconception. People with gender dysphoria typically live as straight, gay, or bisexual, exactly like those whose gender identity aligns with their biological sex. Basically, gender dysphoria has no bearing on a person’s sexuality. Brief History of Gender Dysphoria Descriptions of gender dysphoria’s feelings of discomfort with one’s anatomical sex first appeared in medical literature during the middle of the 19th century. Until the 1950s, gender nonconformity and same-sex relationships were almost universally considered to be socially objectionable forms of perversion. This negative perception began to change in late 1952 when Christine Jà ¸rgensen famously became the first American to undergo gender-reassignment surgery. After her secret surgery became known, she became one of the earliest advocates for the rights of transgender people. In 1957, sexologist John William Money created and advocated for the concept of gender as a separate entity from sex. As a result of Money’s research, the feeling of confusion between anatomical sex and gender identity was classified as a form of mental illness called â€Å"gender identity disorder† by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1980.  This terminology contributed to the stigmatization and discrimination still experienced by transgender and gender-fluid individuals today. Finally, in 2013, the APA recognized that â€Å"gender nonconformity is not in itself a mental disorder,† and reclassified â€Å"gender identity disorder† as â€Å"gender dysphoria,† which becomes a medical condition only if it results in actual mental or physical harm. Despite this turning point in understanding on the part of the medical community, transgender people continue to face significant challenges in gaining equality and social acceptance. Gender Dysphoria in Modern Society Today as always, society places great importance on gender norms—the â€Å"socially-acceptable† ways of expressing gender and sexuality. Gender norms are passed from generation-to-generation by parents, teachers, friends, spiritual leaders, the media, and other social institutions. Despite recent signs of better acceptance, such as legally-required transgender public bathrooms and gender-neutral college dorm rooms, many gender dysphoric persons continue to suffer as a result of their feelings. According to the APA, physicians typically require that transsexual or transgender persons seeking hormone therapy or gender-reassignment surgery must first be examined and referred by a mental health provider. Research conducted by the University of California in 2012, found that the rejection by the straight community experienced by transgender and transsexual people is actually significantly harsher than that experienced by lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) people. In addition, a study conducted by the Gay, Lesbian and Straight Education Network in 2009 found that transgender and transsexual students face much higher levels of on-campus harassment and violence than LGB students. Perhaps most significantly, a 2011 study conducted by the Institute of Medicine concluded that the marginalization of gender dysphoric people by society is having a devastating effect on their physical and mental health. For example, the study found substantially higher rates of substance abuse, attempted suicide and HIV infection, and other medical problems in transgender and transsexual persons than those occurring in the general population. Evidence of Change Today, there are important signs that a more hopeful era of understanding and acceptance for gender dysphoric people is at hand. The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) has banned all forms of discrimination against or harassment of individuals in the workplace because of their gender identity, including transgender status or sexual orientation. In addition, the U.S. Department of Defense now allows transgender, as well as gay and lesbian individuals to serve openly in all branches of the military. More clinical studies are exploring treatment techniques for transgender people who seek it, as well as ways to prevent discrimination and harassment. Finally, a growing number of universities are joining institutions like Brown, Cornell, Harvard, Princeton, and Yale in offering health insurance plans that include coverage for hormone therapy or gender-reassignment surgery for transgender students, faculty, and staff. Sources Understanding Gender. GenderSpectrum.org. OnlineWeiss, Robert, LCSW. Heterosexual, Homosexual, Bisexual, Gender Dysphoric. Psychology Today. OnlineWhat Is Gender Dysphoria? American Psychiatric Association. OnlineZasshi, Seishin Shinkeigaku, 2012. The history of the concept of gender identity disorder. National Library of Medicine. National Institutes of HealthNorton, Aaron T. Herek, Gregory M. â€Å"Heterosexuals’ Attitudes Toward Transgender People: Findings from a National Probability Sample of U.S. Adults.† Psychology Department, University of California, Davis. January 10, 2012The 2009 National School Climate Survey. Gay, Lesbian and Straight Education Network. ISBN 978-193409205-7The Health of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender People: Building a Foundation for Better Understanding. Institute of Medicine. ISBN 978-0-309-21061-4

Analysis of Robert Frosts Mending Wall Essay - 1173 Words

Robert Frost’s Mending Wall In his poem Mending Wall, Robert Frost presents to us the thoughts of barriers linking people, communication, friendship and the sense of security people gain from barriers. His messages are conveyed using poetic techniques such as imagery, structure and humor, revealing a complex side of the poem as well as achieving an overall light-hearted effect. Robert Frost has cleverly intertwined both a literal and metaphoric meaning into the poem, using the mending of a tangible wall as a symbolic representation of the barriers that separate the neighbors in their friendship. â€Å"Mending Wall† is about two neighbors who disagree over the need of a wall to separate their properties. Not only does the wall act as a†¦show more content†¦The use of conversation and the thoughts of the narrator reflect the poets own thoughts. In line thirty to line thirty-five, the narrator questions the purpose of a wall. He has an open disposition and does not understand the need to â€Å"wa ll in† or â€Å"wall out† (line 33) anything or anyone. Imagery is one of the poetic techniques that Robert Frost uses in ‘Mending Wall’ to convey his ideas. In the first eleven lines of the poem, Frost uses imagery to describe the degradation of the wall, creating a visual image for the reader. The sentence structure of the first line in the poem places emphasis on â€Å"something†. This, compound with the use of personification, makes â€Å"something† appear alive and even human-like. Animate qualities have been given to â€Å"something† through the use of the words â€Å"love†, â€Å"sends†, â€Å"spills†, and â€Å"makes gaps† (lines 1-4), illustrating a vivid impression of the degradation of the wall. Nature, in the form of cold weather, frost and the activities of small creatures, gradually destroys the wall. The narrator seems to believe that walls are unnatural and suggests that nature dislikes walls. This is portrayed through the phrase â€Å"sends the frozen ground swell under it† (line 2). The poem describes nature-making holes in the wall large enough that â€Å"even two can pass abreast† (line 4). Literally, this refers to the size of the holes. However, it may also be interpreted thatShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Robert Frosts Mending Wall995 Words   |  4 Pages Mending Wall† is a poem by the twentieth century American poet Robert Frost. Whenever we learn about poetry in school, Robert Frost has always been one of my favorite poets (along with Charlotte Brontà «). Poems like The Road Not Taken† and Nothing Gold Can Stay† were always my favorites. I remember reading Mending Wall† sometime freshman or sophomore year, and it had intrigued me. We hadnt looked to deep into the poem as much as I would have liked. All of his poems have thisRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of Robert Frosts Mending Wall1031 Words   |  5 PagesTo build a wall   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Mending Wall† is a poem written in Robert Frost’s second book of poetry, â€Å"North of Boston†. This poem tells a story about the so called crucial part of every piece of property, a fence, and the advantages and disadvantages that seem to come with having a fence in your property.This poem involves two neighbors who hold opposite answers as to weather the wall should stay or go. Though the speaker presents himself as an enlightened person and his neighbor as a foolish prisonerRead MoreEssay about The Dark Side of Humanity Exposed in Robert Frosts Poetry991 Words   |  4 PagesHumanity Exposed in Robert Frosts Poetry Robert Frost is often referred to as a poet of nature. Words and phrases such as fire and ice, flowers in bloom, apple orchards and rolling hills, are all important elements of Frosts work. These ‘benign objects provide an alternative way to look at the world and are often used as metaphors to describe a darker view of nature and humans. In Frosts poetry, the depth is as important as the surface. The darker aspects of Frosts poetry are often portrayedRead MoreThe Dark Side of Robert Frost’s Nature Essay2339 Words   |  10 PagesRobert Frost is known for his poems about nature, he writes about trees, flowers, and animals. This is a common misconception, Robert Frost is more than someone who writes a happy poem about nature. The elements of nature he uses are symbolic of something more, something darker, and something that needs close attention to be discovered. Flowers might not always represent beauty in Robert Frost’s poetry. Symbolism is present in every line of the nature’s poet’s poems. The everyday objects presentRead MorePoem Analysis of Mending Wall1121 Words   |  5 PagesProfessor ****** Poem Analysis Mending Wall I chose this poem because the wall reminds me of my personal struggles with other people. When people annoy or bother me I instantly put up an imaginary wall between me and that person. They ask me to stop ignoring them and I just shrug their request, just like in this poem. I decide that the wall between us is better up than down because I was afraid of getting mad and saying things that I would regret later on. Mending Wall, by Robert Frost portrays theRead MoreAnalysis Of Robert Frost s The Mending Wall 1311 Words   |  6 PagesIn Robert Frost the Mending Wall it is about the obligation of boundaries and the deceiving influences employed to abolish them. The poem shows how two individuals have different opinions on a wall that divides their properties. As the poem goes on, one would think that there is a connection between the two, through the rebuilding of the wall every spring. Richard Cory and Miniver Cheevy have many similarities as well as differences, on one hand you h ave a rich and depressed individual that is admiredRead MoreRobert Frost s Writing Style1589 Words   |  7 Pages Robert Frost once said, â€Å"The figure a poem makes. It begins in delight and ends in wisdom... in a clarification of life - not necessarily a great clarification, such as sects and cults are founded on, but in a momentary stay against confusion† (Robert Frost Quotes). This same kind of thinking opened the door for metaphorical poetry that helped to show the poets transparency. His love for the social outcast and the struggles of his life are exhibited greatly in his poems. Robert Frost helpedRead MoreStopping By The Woods Essay1012 Words   |  5 Pagesaspects of revelation. Exploration of self and the wider world is a multifaceted component, manipulated to be found in all aspects of life. Composers such as Robert Frost and David Wilkie incorporate these notions into their literary works. Robert Frost dexterously composed the poems Stopping by the woods on a snowy evening and Mending Wall to reflect the ambiguous nature of man’s interpretive expeditions. Similarl y, David Wilkie adapts Titan’s 16th century ‘Supper at Emmaus’ to his 19th CenturyRead More An Analysis of Mending Wall Essay2101 Words   |  9 PagesAn Analysis of Mending Wall Robert Frost once said that Mending Wall was a poem that was spoiled by being applied. What did he mean by applied? Any poem is damaged by being misunderstood, but thats the risk all poems run. What Frost objects to, I think, is a reduction and distortion of the poem through practical use. When President John F. Kennedy inspected the Berlin Wall he quoted the poems first line: Something there is that doesnt love a wall. His audience knew what he meant andRead MoreUsing Denotative And Connotative Meanings LA Essay1298 Words   |  6 Pagesmake sure you have met the expected criteria for the assignment. When you have finished, submit your work to your teacher. 1. Effect of Connotative Meanings a. Find and record six examples of connotative meaning from Ronald Reagan’s â€Å"Tear Down This Wall† speech. Then note whether the word or phrase has a negative or a positive connotation and the effect Reagan was trying to achieve by using it. Type your response here: Germany in a gash of barbed wire has a negative connotation Concrete has positive

Art of Anchoring Free Essays

string(63) " I admire Shekhar Suman for the way he has maintained himself\." Nature of the Work |[About this section] |[pic]Back to Top | |Radio and television announcers perform a variety of tasks on and off the air. They announce station program information, such as program schedules and station breaks for commercials, or public service information, and they introduce and close programs. Announcers read prepared scripts or make ad lib commentary on the air, as they present news, sports, the weather, time, and commercials. We will write a custom essay sample on Art of Anchoring or any similar topic only for you Order Now If a written script is required, they may do the research and writing. Announcers also interview guests and moderate panels or discussions. Some provide commentary for the audience during sporting events, at parades, and on other occasions. Announcers often are well known to radio and television audiences and may make promotional appearances and do remote broadcasts for their stations. Announcers at smaller stations may cover all of these areas and tend to have more off-air duties as well. They may operate the control board, monitor the transmitter, sell commercial time to advertisers, keep a log of the station’s daily programming, and produce advertisements and other recorded material. Advances in technology make it possible for announcers to do some work previously performed by editors and broadcast technicians. At many music stations, the announcer is simultaneously responsible both for announcing and for operating the control board, which is used to broadcast programming, commercials, and public-service announcements according to the station’s schedule. Much of the recorded material that used to be on records or tape is now in the form of digital files on computers. (See the statement on broadcast and sound engineering technicians and radio operators elsewhere in the Handbook. Public radio and television announcers are involved in station fundraising efforts. Changes in technology have led to more remote operation of stations. Several stations in different locations of the same region may be operated from one office. Some stations operate overnight without any staff, playing programming from a satellite feed or using programming that was recorded earlier, including segments from announcers. Announcers frequently participate in community activities. Sports announcers, for example, may serve as masters of ceremonies at sports club banquets or may greet customers at openings of sporting goods stores. Radio announcers who broadcast music often are called disc jockeys (DJs). Some DJs specialize in one kind of music, announcing selections as they air them. Most DJs do not select much of the music they play (although they often did so in the past); instead, they follow schedules of commercials, talk, and music provided to them by management. While on the air, DJs comment on the music, weather, and traffic. They may take requests from listeners, interview guests, and manage listener contests. Some DJs announce and play music at clubs, dances, restaurants, and weddings. They often have their own equipment with which to play the music. Many are self-employed and rent their services out on a job-by-job basis. Show hosts may specialize in a certain area of interest, such as politics, personal finance, sports, or health. They contribute to the preparation of the program’s content, interview guests, and discuss issues with viewers, listeners, or the studio audience. Public address system announcers provide information to the audience at sporting, performing arts, and other events. Work environment. Announcers usually work in well-lighted, air-conditioned, soundproof studios. Announcers often work within tight schedules, which can be physically and mentally stressful. For many announcers, the intangible rewards—creative work, many personal contacts, and the satisfaction of becoming widely known—far outweigh the disadvantages of irregular and often unpredictable hours, work pressures, and disrupted personal lives. The broadcast day is long for radio and TV stations—many are on the air 24 hours a day—so announcers can expect to work unusual hours. Many present early-morning shows, when most people are getting ready for work or commuting, while others do late-night programs. The shifts, however, may not be as varied as in the past because new technology is allowing stations to eliminate some of the overnight hours. How did you start off as an anchor? I’ve been performing in stage shows in school since I was four. Later, while I was doing my Mass Communications from Jamia Milia Islamia, Usha Albuquerque offered me the anchor’s job on a career show called Hum Honge Kamyaab. This came out of the blue as I was not planning on getting into a career in anchoring. But after Hum Honge Kamyaab, I got a lot of other offers as an anchor and there’s been no looking back since. What is required of an effective anchor? An effective anchor needs to be quick witted, observant and adaptable to unforeseen situations. Which are the areas one needs to work on constantly to improve as an anchor? One needs to be abreast of what’s happening around, to be in sync with the latest fashion accessories and the prevailing dressing trends. Besides, one should work on his/her wit. Basically, one needs to imbibe and absorb a lot more than what one normally does. [pic] |†An effective anchor needs to be quick witted, observant and adaptable | | |to unforeseen situations† | Do you like to work with a ready script? No, I’ve never done that. All my performances have been impromptu. What are the factors you take into consideration before taking up a new assignment? I look at two factors. One, how much does an assignment appeal to me and can offer me in terms of creative satisfaction. The second factor is obviously the money it gets me. Does TV anchoring pay well? It depends. It pays me very well but I can’t be sure of all other anchors. Actually, a lot depends on your popularity. Who are your favourite TV anchors? Jaaved Jafferey, Shekhar Suman, Cyrus Broacha and last but not the least, Amitabh Bachchan. What are the stylistic elements you’ve imbibed from them? From Jaaved Jafferey, I’ve learnt a certain amount of mimicry. In Cyrus, I admire the ability to be as natural and effortless as one can be. I admire Shekhar Suman for the way he has maintained himself. You read "Art of Anchoring" in category "Papers" One can’t say whether he is in his early forties or the late twenties. I admire Amitabh Bachchan for the modesty, dignity and grace with which he carries himself. Who are your favourite co-anchors? Have you ever co-anchored without a script? I have enjoyed anchoring Public Demand with a girl called Kahkasha who used to be very sparkling. Ritu, who later went on to become Mahima Chaudhary, is one of my other favourite co-anchors. Yes, I have co-anchored without a script. That’s not a problem. Once you know the content and once you relate well with your co-anchor, that’s no big deal. How has the Mass Communications course helped you in anchoring? Well, it hasn’t directly helped me in my anchoring but then being a TV anchor, knowing the camera angles and having an idea of when a break is going to be called, obviously facilitates a better performance. What is the idea behind the creation of Encompass Production? I have found most media houses to be specialists in either events, production or else the creatives. ‘Encompass’, as the name suggests, aspires to take up all these activities simultaneously and become a one-stop all-pervasive media house. So far, we have concentrated more on events but we are now producing two TV serials and a movie, which I will be directing. What training do you recommend for aspiring TV anchors? Well, primarily, I feel they should be well-read, more knowledgeable and have a more rounded worldview. Besides, one needs to work on his/her looks because today looks definitely matter. It is unfortunate that good avenues for formal training in TV anchoring do not exist in our country. I’m trying to do my bit on this front through a series of workshops. Besides, nobody can deny that luck plays a crucial part in your success or failure over here. Where do you see Encompass Productions ten years down the line? Having evolved as one of the biggest media conglomerates in the country. Where do you see yourself ten years down the line? Personally, I’m getting into film direction because that is what I’m trained in. Fortunately or unfortunately, the easy money that TV anchoring gave me tied me to it for far too long. But now, I’m fully charged to give film direction a shot. Ten years down the line, I see myself being a successful director of movies. How to Become a TV Reporter or News Anchor Being a TV reporter/anchor takes sacrifice. On the surface it seems like a glamorous job but those of us who have worked in the industry know it is just the opposite. There is, however, no other job like it in the world. If you like deadline pressure, doing something new every day and making a difference it may be the job for you. [edit] Steps 1. Start at a small market television station: Everyone has visions of taking over the NBC Nightly News anchor desk, but the truth of the matter is a tiny portion of people who get into the TV news business will ever make it to a top 10 market. It’s a good idea to start your career in a small market because you can learn all aspects of the business. You will likely do everything like; report, produce, anchor, shoot video, edit and maybe even run the teleprompter with your foot! You’ll also get the opportunity to make your mistakes. Audiences are much more forgiving in Mobile, Alabama than they are in New York City. 2. Be willing to get little pay†¦at least in the beginning of your career:The average reporter job in a small market gets paid between $15,000 and $18,000 a year. Shocked right? Contrary to popular belief most TV personalities are not rolling in dough. Television news is a field where the supply outweighs the demand. Basically there are more people who want to be on TV than there are available positions. That’s part of the reason why pay is not competitive. Also, if you start at a small market station, you will get small market pay. It’s the nature of the business. If making a lot of money in your career is important to you don’t get into TV news! 3. Forget about holidays at home: The truth is you will hardly ever get holidays off. You will most likely be working. Established main anchors at TV stations will most likely get holidays off which means you will be stuck at work. If you constantly move markets every couple of years to increase your salary and experience you will always be the new kid on the block, which means you won’t have seniority. So, you can kiss Thanksgiving, Christmas, New Year’s, Fourth of July and Labor Day goodbye. Also â€Å"sweeps† months (when stations monitor how many people are watching) will be off limits for vacation time. These months include: February, May, July and November. 4. Be willing to move anywhere to get your first job: Jobs are so competitive that you can’t be choosy when landing your first job. Sure, you may want to hold out for San Diego, California but if Biloxi, Mississippi offers you your first job you should probably say yes. 5. Go to college: Most TV stations require that you have a college degree preferably in broadcast journalism. Some schools that have top broadcast journalism programs are University Missouri Columbia, Northwestern University, Syracuse University and Arizona State University. 6. Learn how to speak well: Your voice is key in this field. You should concentrate now on projection, enunciation and inflexion. All of these things will help you deliver your â€Å"script† in a compelling nature. Be authoritative in your speech. This will give you credibility with your audience. Read newspapers and magazines aloud. Listen to the best journalists in the field when they speak and try to emulate them. 7. Learn how to write for TV: You of course learn some of this in school. Writing for TV is very different from writing a term paper. You need to learn how to write to the images your audience will see on TV. It’s called writing to video. Also, you should keep writing simple and stay away from legalese and cliches. You have only one shot to get the attention of folks at home. 8. Be willing to work all the time: You may be placed on the morning shift, the evening shift, a split shift and the weekend shift at any given moment. New reporters especially have very little say in the hours they work. Working overtime is very common and few stations pay overtime. 9. Create a resume tape: A resume tape is a reel that shows a sample of your reporting/anchoring skills. It usually starts with a slate – a brief showing of your name and contact information. The slate is usually followed by a montage, which is a short segment of compelling live shots, samples of reporting and anchoring. The montage is then followed by three of your best stories. The best way to get your first resume tape is to do one in school otherwise it can be quite expensive. When your tape is done you send it on VHS format along with a cover letter and resume to news directors at the stations you are interested in. Then, you wait and cross your fingers. 10. Be Persistent: Don’t stop until you get that first job! Persistence is an invaluable skill any reporter/anchor should have. [edit] Tips Tip: Join a professional association for broadcast journalists like the National Association of Broadcasters, Radio Television News Directors Association, National Association of Asian Journalists, National Association of Black Journalists or the National Association of Hispanic Journalists, to name a few. [edit] Warnings †¢ Warning: TV news is a small and incestuous field. Everyone knows everyone and reputations spread quickly. †¢ TV news is not for the faint of heart. If you have problems with stress and working on a deadline, try another field. If your feelings are easily hurt this may not be the best field for you. How to cite Art of Anchoring, Papers

Iimpact of Corporate social Responsibility Investment

Question: Discuss about the Impact of Corporate social Responsibility Investment. Answer: Research Topic and Significance The research has been carried out on the topic of the impact of corporate social responsibility investment on the business performance in the telecom industry of Australia. Corporate Social Responsibility commonly abbreviated as CSR is a series of steps and initiatives that a company or an organization takes to maintain the sustainable development and social well being of the environment. It also includes the policies and directives that are taken internally in the organization along with external relationships and business reporting as well. Telecom industry of Australia is huge and there has been a lot of investment that has been done in the area of CSR which has had an impact on the business reporting and performance (Crowther and Aras, 2008). Literature Review Australia is home to a huge telecom industry with some of the key market players in the field as Telstra, Optus and Vodafone. In the current era of digital innovation and with the advancement in the technology, there has been a lot of investment that is done in the field of telecom to come up with the environment friendly solutions. All of these decisions and initiatives come under the area of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) that has had a significant impact on the telecom industry of Australia. Telestra is a telecom company based out of Australia that has put massive investments in its CSR policies. The organization donated an amount of $1,561,280.27 for the Asian relief funds at the time of Indian Ocean Tsunami. The company holds a strong volunteer network of more than 4,000 individuals that spend close to 12,000 hours in the works of charity and well-being of the environment. There has also been active involvement in the areas of human health and workplace safety as well. Due to the business initiatives taken by the company along with its active CSR policies, Telstra holds the largest market shares in Australia in the telecom industry and the CSR reporting of the organization is managed by the business unit that is termed as the Community Relations Group of Corporate Relations. The organization has had a positive impact of the investments made in the area of CSR as it has been awarded with the National Award for the fantastic People Management. Also, there have been negli gible workplace injuries and incidents that have taken place in the organization. The employee satisfaction and engagement has also shown some marked improvement leading to the overall improvement of the organization (Telstra, 2014). Apart from Telestra, there are also a number of other Australian telecom companies that have also made some remarkable contributions and innovations in their CSR policies and decisions. Sustainability management and development through transformational solutions and operating responsibility has been prime focus of Vodafone. There are a lot many stakeholder groups that are involved with the organization and each of these groups has its specific set of CSR practices and policies that are defined. Health and safety, privacy and security along with human rights have been some of the prime focuses for Vodafone in its CSR policies that have had a high impact on the business success of the organization (Vodafone, 2015). Optus is another prime name in the world of Australian telecom industry that has also seen some marked investments in the field of Corporate Social Responsibility in the recent years. The organization invested $8.7 million towards community and managed to improve the literacy levels of close to 94% students. There are also 500+ volunteers that are associated with Optus that are contributing towards the initiatives of the organization. CSR and Sustainability Report: Financial Results of Optus (Optus, 2015) The statistics that have been shown above provide an indication of the positive impact that CSR and the investments done in the area have proved towards the business success. Research Questions The research questions that have been covered in this piece of work have been listed below. What is the meaning of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and what is the significance of the same? What is the role of Corporate Social Responsibility in the telecom industry of Australia? What are the key players of the Australian telecom industry and what are the CSR initiatives taken by them in the past? What has been the impact of the CSR initiatives taken by the telecom companies of Australia in terms of business success and business performance? What are the further improvements that the companies can do in the area of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)? Research Methodology There are a number of research methodologies that have been presented and explained such as basic research, applied research; problem solving research, qualitative research, qualitative research and many others as well. The research methodology that has been used for carrying out this research is the quantitative method of research (Rajasekar, 2013). There have been sustainability and CSR reports of various organizations over the years such as Telstra, Optus, Vodafone and likewise that have been referred and used as a base to gather the statistics of the investments that have been made, contributions that have been made and the profit and revenues that has been earned. There are also polls and questionnaires of various telecom companies of Australia gathered to come up with the literature review and the research outcomes and answers to the research questions. The numerical data that is collected through the data collection process is also utilized to analyze the overall impact of the investment that is made in the field of CSR (Kothari, 2004). Along with the quantitative research, there is also certain element of the basic research that has been used in this work of research that includes the fundamental and theoretical analysis and research process. Project Plan WBS Task Name Duration Start Finish 1 Corporate Social Responsibility - Australian Telecom Industry 97 days Mon 12/19/16 Tue 5/2/17 1.1 Initiation Phase 7 days Mon 12/19/16 Tue 12/27/16 1.1.1 Identification of the topic 2 days Mon 12/19/16 Tue 12/20/16 1.1.2 Planning of the Research - Schedule and Procedure 4 days Wed 12/21/16 Mon 12/26/16 1.1.3 Submission of the Research Topic 1 day Tue 12/27/16 Tue 12/27/16 1.1.4 Milestone 1: Research Topic 0 days Tue 12/27/16 Tue 12/27/16 1.2 Preliminary Search and Data Collection 14 days Wed 12/28/16 Mon 1/16/17 1.2.1 Preliminary search for information 5 days Wed 12/28/16 Tue 1/3/17 1.2.2 Identification of data sources 3 days Wed 1/4/17 Fri 1/6/17 1.2.3 Data collection and Sampling 7 days Fri 1/6/17 Mon 1/16/17 1.2.4 Milestone 2: Data for Research 0 days Mon 1/16/17 Mon 1/16/17 1.3 Research Execution 28 days Mon 1/16/17 Wed 2/22/17 1.3.1 Analysis of the data collected 7 days Mon 1/16/17 Tue 1/24/17 1.3.2 Preparation of Notes 7 days Wed 1/25/17 Thu 2/2/17 1.3.3 Literature Review 7 days Fri 2/3/17 Mon 2/13/17 1.3.4 Research Draft 7 days Tue 2/14/17 Wed 2/22/17 1.3.5 Milestone 3: Literature Review 0 days Wed 2/22/17 Wed 2/22/17 1.4 Control Phase 28 days Thu 2/23/17 Mon 4/3/17 1.4.1 Review of the research carried out 12 days Thu 2/23/17 Fri 3/10/17 1.4.2 Amendments as per comments 16 days Mon 3/13/17 Mon 4/3/17 1.4.3 Milestone 4: Review Report and Comments 0 days Mon 4/3/17 Mon 4/3/17 1.5 Presentation and Closure 22 days Mon 4/3/17 Tue 5/2/17 1.5.1 Presentation of the Thesis 7 days Mon 4/3/17 Tue 4/11/17 1.5.2 Final Business Research Thesis 14 days Wed 4/12/17 Mon 5/1/17 1.5.3 Submission of the Research Thesis 1 day Tue 5/2/17 Tue 5/2/17 1.5.4 Milestone 5: Final Business Research Thesis 0 days Tue 5/2/17 Tue 5/2/17 Gantt chart Research Process Research will be carried out in five major steps with their sub-steps as described below. Initiation Phase This step would include the selection and finalization of the research topic after analyzing the significance of the topic and the feasibility of the research as well. The initial planning regarding the research would also be done in this step covering the plan that would be used to carry out the research along with the schedule that will be followed. The plan would also include the finalization of the research methodology and technique that will be used. Preliminary Search and Data Collection The basic search would be carried out in this step along with the identification of data sources that will be used for collection of the data. Data sampling will also be done on the data that is collected from various sources. Research Execution The actual research will be carried out in this step which would include the analysis of the data that is collected and notes will be prepared according to the same. Literature review and the draft version will also be prepared in this step. Control Phase The step would include the review of the research by the guide and the changes and amendments will be done as per the feedback that is received. Presentation and Closure The final business research thesis will be prepared in this step of the research process which will be presented and submitted. Data Collection and Analysis Methods The research methodology that used in the research is quantitative research and the data that is collected for carrying out the research includes the data sources such as organization reports, news articles, polls, interviews and questionnaires. Business reports and documents are also used for collecting the data regarding the CSR initiatives that are taken by the telecom companies along with the year end and financial reports to understand the investment that has been made and the overall impact that is resulted out of the same (Gog and Paas, 2007). The data is analyzed using the quantitative method of research in which the data that is collected is studied and the patterns and relevant points and notes are made out from the same. The analysis on the data is carried out in a series of steps as inspection, transformation and modeling of the data. Inspection would include the study of the data that is collected which is then transformed in well defined structures to come up with data models to retrieve meaningful information out of the same (Chaleunvong, 2009). Expected Research Outcomes The research outcomes that are expected from the research include the answers to all the research questions that are listed along with the valid set of references for all the responses that are provided. The outcomes shall also include the literature review on the research topic of analysis of the impact of corporate social responsibility investment on the business performance in the telecom industry of Australia. Also, it would be attempted for the research thesis to be accepted with the minimal number of amendments and changes in the first version itself. The primary mentor and supervisor would be the research guide and the guide will provide the review and comments on the research thesis that is prepared. Conclusion Corporate Social Responsibility is a series of steps and initiatives that a company or an organization takes to maintain the sustainable development and social well being of the environment. It also includes the policies and directives that are taken internally in the organization along with external relationships and business reporting as well. Telecom industry of Australia is huge and there has been a lot of investment that has been done in the area of CSR which has had an impact on the business reporting and performance. The three major giants in the telecom industry of Australia include Telstra, Optus and Vodafone that have done some major work in the area of CSR and have positively impacted from the same. These organizations along with many others have also heavily invested to achieve the fruitful returns as well. The research methodology that used in the research is quantitative research and the data that is collected for carrying out the research includes the data sources such as organization reports, news articles, polls, interviews and questionnaires. The entire research is completed in a series of five major steps that make up for the research process. References Chaleunvong, K. (2009). Data Collection Techniques. [online] Available at: https://www.gfmer.ch/Activites_internationales_Fr/Laos/PDF/Data_collection_tecniques_Chaleunvong_Laos_2009.pdf [Accessed 21 Dec. 2016]. Crowther, D. and Aras, G. (2008). Corporate Social Responsibility. [online] Available at: https://mdos.si/Files/defining-corporate-social-responsibility.pdf [Accessed 21 Dec. 2016]. Gog, T. and Paas, F. (2007). Data Collection and Analysis. 1st ed. [ebook] Available at: https://www.routledgehandbooks.com/doi/10.4324/9780203880869.ch55 [Accessed 21 Dec. 2016]. Kothari, C. (2004). Research Methodology. [online] Available at: https://www.modares.ac.ir/uploads/Agr.Oth.Lib.17.pdf [Accessed 21 Dec. 2016]. Optus, (2015). Bright Ideas for a Bright Future. [online] Available at: https://www.optus.com.au/content/dam/optus/documents/about-us/sustainability/Sustainability-Report-2015.pdf [Accessed 21 Dec. 2016]. Rajasekar, S. (2013). Research Methodology. [online] Available at: https://arxiv.org/pdf/physics/0601009.pdf [Accessed 21 Dec. 2016]. Telstra, (2014). Corporate Social Responsibility. [online] Available at: https://www.telstra.com.au/content/dam/tcom/about-us/investors/pdf%20C/ar-other-information.pdf [Accessed 21 Dec. 2016]. Vodafone, (2015). Sustainability Report. [online] Available at: https://www.vodafone.com/content/dam/sustainability/2015/pdf/vodafone-full-report-2015.pdf [Accessed 21 Dec. 2016].